10 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... : Hypovolemia, Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #sodium #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Urine Na < 20: Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head ... Injury • Stroke ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... Hypernatremia & ... consciousness, Coma/seizure ... acidosis - CPK elevation
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... renal perfusion (Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
exhaustion, Heat ... injury, Heat stroke ... exertion/training - Seizures ... ULN • AST/ALT Elevation ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head ... Injury • Stroke ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
distribution • Heart ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Hypervolemia: Congestive Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... causes #nephrology #sodium ... #low