9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
- Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... #Epilepsy #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
- Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 • If low preload →
Acute Kidney Injury ... derangements: • If low ... Diuretics • If low ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... ureteral stent(s) • Neurogenic
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
osmolality helps to differentiate ... asymptomatic to seizures ... stimulated in states of low ... collecting duct in the kidneys ... activated in states of low
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
evidence of organ injury ... : Tonic-clonic seizure ... patients • HELLP: Syndrome ... liver enzymes, Low ... obstetrics #cardiology #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
neuromuscular injury ... injury F. ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential