8 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Euvolemic (Low ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Diagnosis Framework NCPE ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure ... pulmonary #edema #NCPE
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric Seizures ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... Cataplexy #Seizures ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Provoked Pediatric Seizures ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 • If low preload →
Acute Kidney Injury ... derangements: • If low ... Diuretics • If low ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... ureteral stent(s) • Neurogenic
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... sweat Heat Injury ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Pulmonary Edema (NCPE ... Tachypnea, - Low-grade ... and diffuse Neurogenic ... Traumatic brain injury ... hemorrhage, and seizure
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
evidence of organ injury ... finding of organ injury ... : Tonic-clonic seizure ... patients • HELLP: Syndrome ... liver enzymes, Low