8 results
diagnosis differential causes cardiology ncpe noncardiogenic algorithm classification disorders diuresis diuretics elevation excretion gitelman heat heatstroke htn hypertension hypertensive hypokalemia
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework NCPE Pathophysiology: Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
respiratory distress syndrome ... contents • Head injury ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... Traumatic brain injury ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... sweat Heat Injury ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework High Altitude Pulmonary Edema: • Accumulation
Tachypnea, - Low-grade ... and diffuse Neurogenic ... Pulmonary Edema ... Traumatic brain injury ... hemorrhage, and seizure
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
liver or renal injury ... LV failure - Low ... output - Acute pulmonary ... edema - Mesenteric ... - Compartment syndrome
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Chronic Hypertension: • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg •
doubling of Cr), pulmonary ... edema, cerebral ... : Tonic-clonic seizure ... patients • HELLP: Syndrome ... liver enzymes, Low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Renal tubular acidosis ... tachycardia • Seizures ... #diagnosis #nephrology
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