18 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Euvolemic (Low ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved)
 • Delayed Maturation
Cerebral Palsy, Neurogenic ... Bladder, Seizure ... Idiopathic • Non-neurogenic ... (Hinman Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Syncope in 3 Steps
1. Consider the 3 "S" Mimics: Seizure, low Sugar, Stroke (TIA)
2. Heart vs
3 "S" Mimics: Seizure ... , low Sugar, Stroke ... Tamponade • Fluid > low ... subclavian steal syndrome ... little sympa > meds
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric Seizures ... Infection: • Febrile Seizures ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Cataplexy #Seizures ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium
Congenital Long QT Syndrome: Illness Script

Who?
 - Kids or young adults, usually < 30
 - high
Congenital Long QT Syndrome ... - Syncope - Seizure ... in new syncope/seizures ... imbalances (especially low ... Congenital #LongQT #Syndrome
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... asymptomatic to seizures ... True hyponatremia ... stimulated in states of low ... activated in states of low