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diagnosis differential management nephrology hyponatremia algorithm cardiology edema ncpe noncardiogenic pharmacology psychiatry pulmonary treatment adh anesthesia anesthesiology anticonvulsants bulimianervosa checklist
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... electrolyte abnormality caused ... asymptomatic to seizures ... stimulated in states of low ... activated in states of low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia), Low
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... -> Withdrawal seizure ... Systemic effect -> Nausea ... vomiting, diarrhea, hyponatremia ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview What Is It? • Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... Rhabdomyolysis • Seizures ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology 1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pharmacology and Pathophysiology ... Pump - Digoxin works ... intracellular calcium causes ... hypokalemia (or low ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... : • Pathophysiology ... dysrhythmias, seizures ... , Elevated Cr, Low
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
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