12 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
usually caused by ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia), Low
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
asymptomatic to seizures ... in renal failure ... stimulated in states of low ... activated in states of low ... in the renal tubules
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... , Chronic Renal ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... - Compartment syndrome ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Management #causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... non-specific, ESR usually low ... Goodpasture's cause ... , low grade proteinuria ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... Heavy exercise - Seizures ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome
Intraoperative Hypertension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Hypertension is most commonly due to inappropriate depth of
Check fresh gas flow ... overload / TURP syndrome ... drug interaction, renal ... intracranial pressure, seizure ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup