18 results
diagnosis differential management nephrology neurology causes manifestations pharmacology treatment ncpe noncardiogenic nutrition pulmonary acute algorithm anticonvulsants beriberi cancer cardiology cerebritis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure Brain: Hepatic encephalopathy, Cerebral edema, Intracranial hypertension,
Brain: Hepatic encephalopathy ... , Cerebral edema ... hypertension, Seizures ... Hepatorenal syndrome ... Hepatoadrenal syndrome
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... risk for cerebral edema ... management #nephrology #sodium
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... • Headache • Seizures ... matter vasogenic edema ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Posterior #Reversible #Encephalopathy
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework NCPE Pathophysiology: Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... and Treatment Hyponatremia ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... -> Withdrawal seizure ... vomiting, diarrhea, hyponatremia ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview What Is It? • Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... Rhabdomyolysis • Seizures ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... • Wernicke encephalopathy ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
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