29 results
diagnosis differential management signs nephrology causes hyponatremia psychiatry treatment algorithm criteria hematology manifestations ncpe neurology noncardiogenic oncology pharmacology pulmonary refeeding
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia: 1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic) 2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Evaluation of Hyponatremia ... 2) Presence of symptoms ... nausea, confusion, seizures ... volume status (edema ... EM #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... risk for cerebral edema ... management #nephrology #sodium
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework NCPE Pathophysiology: Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure
Hyponatremia Correction 1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings - typically occurs with
Hyponatremia Correction ... Hypertonic Saline: seizure ... 100-110 - Symptoms ... Overcorrection of Hyponatremia ... Demyelination Syndrome
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure Brain: Hepatic encephalopathy, Cerebral edema, Intracranial hypertension,
encephalopathy, Cerebral edema ... hypertension, Seizures ... Hepatorenal syndrome ... Hepatoadrenal syndrome ... failure #Signs #Symptoms
Clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis. Neurological (<15%): Dizziness, syncope, seizures, Confusion, impending doom. headache Angioedema: Lips, tongue, orbit,
Dizziness, syncope, seizures ... arrest, Kounis syndrome ... oropharyngeal edema ... <10%): Scrotal edema ... anaphylaxis #signs #symptoms
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
• Headache • Seizures ... matter vasogenic edema ... • Headache • Seizures ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms
Gestational Hypertension & Preeclampsia Gestational Hypertension (gHTN) • BP > 140/90 • Onset > 20 wks gestation
• Pulmonary edema ... Cerebral/visual symptoms ... Preeclampsia + Grand Mal Seizure ... HELLP Syndrome
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
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