16 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
Hypertonic Saline: seizure ... 100-110 - Symptoms ... Demyelination Syndrome ... Correction #goal #rate #management ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia with Severe Symptoms - Management Algorithm with Hypertonic Saline
The goal of acute management is to
Hyponatremia with ... Severe Symptoms ... 5 or stop the symptoms ... Na causing the seizure ... Hypertonic #Saline #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... : • Pathophysiology ... dysrhythmias, seizures ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
• Headache • Seizures ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... exertion/training - Seizures ... : • Triad of symptoms ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology