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nephrology differential algorithm hyponatremia causes hypokalemia management table acidosis adh classification criticalcare emergencies hemeonc hypomagnesemia hypomg hypotonic lactate lactic magnesium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... : • Hypovolemic ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... HYPOVOLEMIC • ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... tachycardia • Seizures ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Hypovolemic, Serum ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... - Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... Low-normal EABV ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #hypokalemia ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
: • Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... Differential #Algorithm #diagnosis ... causes #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
asymptomatic to seizures ... hypervolemic, hypovolemic ... stimulated in states of low ... #RAAS #Hypovolemia ... #EBV #potomania
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