14 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved)
 • Delayed Maturation
Causes of Enuresis ... Bladder, Seizure ... Enuresis: • Pediatric ... (Hinman Syndrome ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Vascular: Stroke, Hypertension ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric ... Seizures - Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Causes of Provoked ... Pediatric Seizures ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... the underlying cause ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - ... Oral sodium loading ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... #Secondary #Hypertension ... #Screening #Workup
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... tone → Postural hypotension ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
One Pill Kills - Those that can be fatal even after just ingesting a small amount
1)
onset bradycardia, hypotension ... ANTIDEPRESSANTS Block fast sodium ... conduction delay and seizures ... seizures and SVT ... Pharmacology #Peds #Pediatrics