10 results
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Algorithm Clinical ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia, ... baseline ACTH - Secondary ... #endocrinology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... Hypernatremia: ... MatthewHoMD #Hypernatremia ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... @NephroMD #hyponatremia ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... water retention 1) ... High Uric Acid → renal ... Rachel Stern MD #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... Syndrome, Congenital Adrenal ... Al, Normal R - Cushing's ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... acidosis (type 1 ... hyperplasia • Cushing's ... #causes #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... case of hypotonic hyponatremia ... +K / serum Na >1 ... Physiologic #Hypotonic #Hyponatremia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia ... : • Hypovolemia ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
• Acne • If secondary ... Cataracts Labs: Hypokalemia ... is decreased), hypernatremia ... levels following a low-dose ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm in Cancer
UOsm ≥ 100 mOsm/kg = Urine is inappropriately concentrated for hypotonic
Hyponatremia Differential ... appropriate • Hypovolemia ... adrenalitis; PD-1 ... metastases) #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology #oncology