44 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Evaluation Algorithm ... may actually be normal ... considered likely, the cause ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia ... Box A: • Normo ... /hyperosmolar Hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup
Gynecomastia - Differential Diagnosis a
nd Workup Algorithm
Gynecomastia is common in clinical practice, affecting ~50% of males
Diagnosis a nd Workup ... Algorithm Gynecomastia ... affecting ~50% of males ... Labs: TSH, Cr, LFTs ... #Algorithm #endocrinology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... Unremarkable Labs ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia
Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Further Workup

 • CNS symptoms? Get an LP and imaging
FUO) - Further Workup ... Returning Traveler’ algorithm ... artery biopsy • Lab ... values supporting ... UnknownOrigin #workup
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... excrete water normally ... 3 questions to work ... complex issue which varies ... the underlying cause
Hypoglycemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Workup:
 • Sulfonylurea Labs
 • Anti-lnsulin Ab - Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
 •
Hypoglycemia Workup ... • Sulfonylurea Labs ... • Anti-lnsulin Ab ... metabolic demand causes ... 30 mins later - Normally
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... FeCa <1 %) - Low normal ... • If all normal ... Hypercalcemia #workup ... elevated #evaluation #workup