11 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
excrete water normally ... 3 questions to work ... correction of chronic ... demyelination syndrome ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... for workup, including ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... • Infections: Chronic
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... , Chronic Renal ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Marrow Failure • Chronic ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... Workup: • Complete ... #diagnosis #hematology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... in 4 mL) - IV sodium ... <30 mL/min) - Oral ... sodium bicarbonate ... #treatment #nephrology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
antibody that works ... Oligoclonal bands • Normal ... Treatment: • ... others (botox, sodium ... #neurology