23 results
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
AST): • US - Normal ... Ducts - PBC ... Congenital, Others, Cirrhosis ... Burak @kwburak #LFTs ... #hepatology #LiverFunctionTests
Beta-Blockers in Cirrhosis
 • Pathophysiology
 • Indications:  Prevention of decompensation, Prevention of first variceal bleeding,
Beta-Blockers in Cirrhosis ... • Pathophysiology ... • Indications: ... variceal rebleeding, Portal ... #hepatology #management
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... 5-10x normal ... Liver #Injury #hepatology ... #LFTs #transaminitis ... #differential #diagnosis
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... Pathophysiology ... • ALT & AST normal ... • Bilirubin - Normal ... #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
disease US — Normal ... Bile Ducts • PSC ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... • Others #LFTs ... #Hepatology #LiverEnzymes
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Differential Diagnosis ... counts may delay diagnosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #CBC #hematology ... #pathophysiology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential Diagnosis ... stone, Malignancy, PBC ... - If both are normal ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #algorithm #hepatology
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
B - Treatment Indications ... Presence of CP or PC ... Family history of cirrhosis ... or fibrosis • Cirrhosis ... #management #hepatology
The 6 C’s of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
PSC is a chronic, cholestatic, immune-mediated disease characterized by
asymptomatic at diagnosis ... • CIRRHOSIS - ... there are many indications ... #Cholangitis #diagnosis ... management #summary #Hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Interpretation of LFTs ... - If both are normal ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... liver #chemistry #diagnosis ... #differential #Hepatology