14 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... Areflexia (loss of normal ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome ... Turner, Marfan syndromes ... / Symptoms / Complications ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
Diagnosis and Management ... Unilateral • Signs ... lesions (a), Brain: normal ... #treatment #rheumatology ... #ophthalmology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... : • Pathophysiology ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms ... #rheumatology #
Polycythemia Vera (PV) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnostic Criteria:
 • Elevated hemoglobin and/or hematocrit AND
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... present, symptoms, signs ... , and complications ... concentration in the normal ... PV #Diagnosis #Management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... 500 mg QD until normal ... APML #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #oncology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
noninfectious complications ... levels are within normal ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome ... #diagnosis #management
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
and ophthalmic complications ... 50 in GCA, but normal ... them, but urgent rheumatology ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #Management
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management ... #Signs #Symptoms