15 results
Crystalloid Compositon - Normal Saline, Lactated Ringers, PlasmaLyte
#Pharmacology #Crystalloids #Contents #Comparison #Table #Normosol #Plasmalyte #LactatedRingers #NormalSaline
Comparison #Table #Normosol ... #NormalSaline #NS ... #LR #IVFluids
Physical Exam findings in Lower Extremity DVT - Likelihood Ratios
 - Asymmetric calf swelling, ≥2 cm
cm difference - LR ... skin warmth - LR ... - Tenderness - NS ... Palpable cord - NS ... Homans sign - NS
Cushing Syndrome - Likelihood Ratios of Physical Exam Findings
Moon facies LR +1.6
Central obesity LR +3.0
Generalized obesity
Central obesity LR ... Thin skinfold LR ... 115.6 Plethora LR ... +NS Ecchymoses ... striae LR NS Edema
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Crystalloids - 0.9% NS ... vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte ... Update: AKI in NS ... indications #comparison #LR ... #plasmalyte #NS
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Lactated Ringers (LR ... Normal Saline (NS ... Composition of NS ... Normal Saline (NS ... Normal #Saline #NS
Crystalloid Fluids - Contents Comparison Table
Normal plasma
0.9% saline (a.k.a. "normal saline" or NS)
0.45% saline (a.k.a. 1/2
normal saline" or NS ... saline (a.k.a. 1/2 NS ... Lactated Ringers (LR
Crystalloid pH, Contents and Costs Compared
Plasma	pH 7.4
Normal Saline	pH 5.5*	
Ringer’s Lactate pH 6.5	
Plasmalyte A pH 6.5	
Coca-cola pH
Pharmacology #Costs #NS ... #LR #LactatedRingers
Drug Treatment of Anaphylaxis and Allergic Reactions
First-Line Therapy 
 - Epinephrine 
 - Oxygen 
 -
- IV fluids: NS ... or LR Second-Line
IV Fluids - Comparison Table
Fluid - pH - Osm - Na - Cl - Other
 •
Normal Saline (NS ... Lactated Ringer's (LR
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - Diagnosis and Management

Pneumonia Signs/Symptoms:
 • Confusion/disorientation (LR + 1.9)
 • Cough
disorientation (LR ... + NS) • Cachexia ... C or < 35.1°C (LR ... min or greater (LR ... oximetry < 95% (LR