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Oropharyngeal and Esophageal Causes of Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
 • Neuromuscular causes: CVA/CNS tumor/ALS, Parkinson's,
Oropharyngeal and Esophageal ... Causes of Dysphagia ... 4 T's), Goiter Esophageal ... Spasm, Hypercontractile ... Oropharyngeal #Esophageal
Dysphagia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
Structural
 • Tumors
 • Zenker's Diverticulum
 • Foreign Bodv
Neuromuscular Toxic/Metabolic
 • Myasthenia
Polymyositis Esophageal ... Spasm Progressive ... Schatzki Ring • Esophageal ... Stricture • Esophageal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
Cardiovascular Causes ... / Mediastinal Causes ... • Gastro-Esophageal ... Pancreatitis • Esophageal ... SpasmEsophageal
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia 
 • due to motor disorders affecting the pharyngeal muscles
 • Acute or gradual
Esophageal Dysphagia ... rings and webs • Esophageal ... stricture • Esophageal ... spasm • Scleroderma ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Management of Jackhammer Esophagus or Esophageal Spasm
Step 1: Assess the severity of the motility disturbance
Step 2:
Jackhammer Esophagus or Esophageal ... Spasm Step 1: ... Jackhammer #Esophagus #Esophageal ... #Spasm #Management
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Cardiovascular Causes ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... Pneumothorax Other Causes ... Mediastinitis • Esophageal ... : - Spasm -
Chicago Classification of Esophageal Motility Disorders
Achalasia
EGJ Outflow Obstruction
Distal Esophageal Spasm
Jackhammer Esophagus
Absent Contractility
Ineffective Motility
Rapid Contraction

#Chicago #Classification #Esophageal
Classification of Esophageal ... Obstruction Distal Esophageal ... Spasm Jackhammer ... Classification #Esophageal
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Oropharyngeal - Can't initiate swallow, Cough/nasal regurg when attempting to swallow
Esophageal
attempting to swallow Esophageal ... Intermittent: Diffuse Esophageal ... Spasm - Progressive ... Non-Progressive: Esophageal
Causes of Mediastinal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Anterior Mediastinal Mass:
 • Thyroid
 • Thymoma
 • Teratoma
Causes of Mediastinal ... , Pericardial, Esophageal ... Neurogenic Tumour • Esophageal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Symptom | Diagnosis
• Solid-food dysphagia present for months to years | Mechanical
Mechanical obstruction: Esophageal ... web or a distal esophageal ... spasm Oropharyngeal ... Esophageal Dysphagia ... the underlying cause