13 results
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
Nodules • Auto-immune ... Alopecia • Auto-immune ... blood vessels (vasculitis ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
cell-mediated immune ... nephrotic/nephritic syndrome ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Necrotizing, pauci-immune ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... Arthralgias • Eye ... purpura: strong sign ... Eye -> retinopathy
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Inflammatory Syndrome ... increase in CD4+ cells ... weeks for most OI ... #Inflammatory #Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
a dysregulated immune ... vascular endothelial cells ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... Arthralgias • Eye ... purpura: Strong sign ... Multinucleated giant cells ... • Progressive symptoms
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
: Inflammatory eye ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... Genital ulcers • Eye ... #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... : • Pathophysiology ... Lysis of tumor cells ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... activity → local immune ... tissue: Epithelioid cells ... #Signs #Symptoms
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... are the immune ... of UMN and LMN signs ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... neurology #diagnosis #management