26 results
Electrolyte imbalances are common findings in many diseases. The kidney is a principally responsible organ for
findings in many diseases ... principally responsible organ ... broad range of signs ... presents with signs ... #electrolyte #algorithm
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
and associated disorders ... Hyperpigmentation - Hyperkalemia ... Autoimmune thyroid disease ... and associated disorders ... Insufficiency #Signs
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease ... Pathophsiology ... Lysosomal storage disorder ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Eosinophil Disorders Testing Algorithm
INDICATIONS FOR TESTING:
 • Peripheral blood eosinophilia/hypereosinophilia uncovered incidentally during medical evaluation or
Eosinophil Disorders ... Testing Algorithm ... workup for specific symptoms ... indicated • For organ-specific ... signs or symptoms
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Echocardiographic Signs ... Echocardiographic Signs ... Echocardiographic Signs ... loss leading to organ ... Echocardiographic Signs
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
intervertebral disc disease ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... differential #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
Bipolar Disorder ... variability in disease ... behaviours #Bipolar #Disorder ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... of end organ damage ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... hydration - Hyperkalemia
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... of end-organ damage ... including hypokalemia ... renal bruit or signs ... Renal parenchymal disease