8 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Clarity Dipstick ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Urinalysis #crystals #dipstick ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... restriction alone in SIADH ... , Renal Sodium loss ... #nephrology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine ... #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treat underlying cause ... promoting passive sodium ... 0.9% NS • If Urine ... #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
among the possible causes ... lower than 80% in cases ... in blood urea causes ... Measured urine sodium ... EBV #potomania #SIADH
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
1ml blood/liter urine ... (Urinalysis or dipstick ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... vast majority of cases ... Measure urine osmolality ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Weakness - Dark urine ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Cast formation: ... #treatment #nephrology