14 results
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Passive neck flexion causes ... an involuntary reflex ... Sign #Meningitis #Clinical ... #Video #PhysicalExam ... #Pediatrics #Peds
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Trauma, Tumor • Motor ... Poliomyelitis, Guillain-Barre ... heavy metals), Critical ... #differential #diagnosis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Clinical Features ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... Diagnosis: • ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
and Myotomes Motor ... , T1 (median) Reflexes ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #arm #physicalexam
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... : • Knee - L2 ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Commonly caused ... #leg #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... cord infarct • HIV ... cord • Guillain-Barre ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... #causes #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
syphilis, and HIV ... Weakness - Lower motor ... lesion - Upper motor ... in deep tendon reflexes ... #differential #diagnosis
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... and cauda equina TREATMENT ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Lower Extremity Tone on Physical Exam
Assessing motor function of the lower extremities begins with passive range
Exam Assessing motor ... the hips, the knees ... tone #Newborn #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #video ... #peds #pediatrics
Reflexes - Deep Tendon Reflexes on Newborn Physical Exam 
Testing deep tendon reflexes is an important
hypotonia and the cause ... is an upper motor ... #Newborn #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #video ... #peds #pediatrics