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nephrology diagnosis hyponatremia differential management siadh treatment algorithm causes cerebral comparison ebv gitelman heat heatstroke hypokalemia hypovolemia illness low potomania
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Utilizing Uric Acid ADH ... retention 1) Serum Osmolarity ... 2) Urine Osmolarity ... 3) Urine Sodium
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Hyponatremia (<135 ... asymptomatic to seizures ... urea causes the hyponatremia ... True hyponatremia ... #hyponatremia #ADH
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
majority of cases, ADH ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm 1) Check serum osmolality 2) Check urine osmolality 3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Hyponatremia Diagnostic ... 1) Check serum osmolality ... 2) Check urine osmolality ... 3) ADH Dependent ... status, urine sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... Hypovolaemia → ADH ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #nephrology #hyponatremia
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine osmolality ... antagonists: • Blocks ADH ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia
SIADH Treatment Options 1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
promoting passive sodium ... NS • If Urine osmolality ... vaptans) • Blocks ADH ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
exertion/training - Seizures ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Aldolase ↑ • LDH ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... tubule (DCT) Clinical ... tachycardia • Seizures ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
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