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hyponatremia nephrology diagnosis management differential treatment algorithm comparison table cerebral constipation ebv enema fleet gastroenterology gitelman hypokalemia hypotonic hypovolemia impaction
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Utilizing Uric Acid ADH ... 3) Urine Sodium ... Uric Acid → SIADH ... #low #uricacid
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
asymptomatic to seizures ... stimulated in states of low ... activated in states of low ... #hyponatremia #ADH ... EBV #potomania #SIADH
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Salt Wasting vs SIADH ... - Pathophysiology ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... Hypovolaemia → ADH ... diagnosis #nephrology #hyponatremia
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
: • ADH ON (UOsm ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... salt wasting • ADH ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
restriction alone in SIADH ... Present (Uosm ≥100): SIADH ... , Renal Sodium loss ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
majority of cases, ADH ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... Measure urine osmolality ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... promoting passive sodium ... Saline: • If Urine osmolality ... antagonists: • Blocks ADH ... #Management #hyponatremia
SIADH Treatment Options 1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... promoting passive sodium ... NS • If Urine osmolality ... vaptans) • Blocks ADH ... #Management #hyponatremia
Enema Selection / Comparison Table A short guide for choosing which enema to order depending on the
depending on the clinical ... Sodium Phosphate ... onset (if safe), low ... Contraindications: SIADH ... , Hyponatremia
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... tubule (DCT) Clinical ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... tachycardia • Seizures ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
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