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diagnosis management differential nephrology pharmacology algorithm treatment table hyponatremia causes pathophysiology medications cardiology comparison hyperkalemia classification clinical potassium rheumatology syndrome
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
retention 1) Serum Osmolarity ... 2) Urine Osmolarity ... 3) Urine Sodium ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... Check plasma osmolality ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... DECREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... INCREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm Tests: • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND •
Algorithm Tests: • Osmolality ... Urine AND/OR • Osmolality ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... deprivation test and Osmolality ... vasopressin + Osmolality
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
the total body sodium ... , urine sodium concentration ... there is reduced sodium ... results in increased sodium ... Measured urine sodium
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm 1) Check serum osmolality 2) Check urine osmolality 3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
1) Check serum osmolality ... 2) Check urine osmolality ... status, urine sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... /L High Urine Osmolality ... glucosuria Low Urine Osmolality
Algorithm for the diagnosis of hyponatremia. If you start with the osmolalities, urinary sodium etc first and
osmolalities, urinary sodium ... Differential #Algorithm #Osmolality
A lazy man's classification of hyponatremia There are two possible approaches to the diagnosis of hyponatremia: .
same tests (serum osmolality ... , urine osmolality ... and urinary sodium
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
Composition of LR: • Sodium ... 109 mEq/L • Sodium ... lactate 28 mEq/L • Osmolarity ... 154 mEq/L • Osmolarity ... K - 4 mEq • Sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
1) Check Urine Osmolality ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
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