44 results
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
- Differential Diagnosis ... membrane, Alport syndrome ... Structural - Cysts - PKD ... necrosis, Sickle cell disease ... #urology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Diagnosis Framework ... basement membrane disease ... • Signs of glomerular ... of glomerular disease ... : • Infection
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Hematuria in Post-Renal ... , Busulfan • Disease ... (Goodpasture's syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #blood #urine #management
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Dyspnea, Fever, Hematuria ... Differential Diagnosis ... allopurinol), Infection ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... - Compatible syndrome ... skin lesions, LAD ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... posterior fat pad ... ), compartment syndrome ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #MSK
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
and less common diseases ... important, as early diagnosis ... • Lyme disease ... consistent with MS ... #neurology #noninflammatory
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... Legg-Calve-Perthes disease ... Leg Pain: • PAD ... - HIV - Lyme disease ... lower #extremity #msk
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lesion • CNS infection ... Matthew Ho, MD PhD ... #Algorithm #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
neurodegenerative disease ... • Or brainstem syndromes ... Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology