68 results
The HINTS Exam - Differentiating Central vs Peripheral Vertigo

Head Impulse Test
Nystagmus
Test of Skew

Animation by Dr. Y.
Differentiating Central ... vs Peripheral Vertigo ... #PhysicalExam #Testing ... #Vertigo #Central
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Peripheral and Central ... continuous and lasting ... labyrinthitis) CENTRAL ... #Peripheral #Central ... #findings #signs
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC
Classic Findings During Hallpike Test in Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)
 • Latency (delay
nystagmus and vertigo ... with repeated testing ... #physicalexam #testing ... #findings #signs ... #bppv #vertigo
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Peripheral and Central ... usually lasting ... CENTRAL VERTIGO ... varying neurologic signs ... #Peripheral #Central
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
of Dizziness - Vertigo ... Algorithm True Vertigo ... Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ... Bone Fracture Central ... neurologic symptoms/signs
Dizziness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Vertigo:
 • Peripheral: Labyrinthitis, BPPV, Meniere's disease, Alternobaric
 • Central: CVA/TIA -
Diagnosis Framework Vertigo ... Alternobaric • Central ... enough blood: Acute anemia ... Diagnosis #dizzy #vertigo
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
Tiredness, weakness, mental ... mild normocytic anemia ... thyroid disease - Central ... without marked anemia ... Insufficiency #Signs
Hematology Algorithms 

Anemia is described as a reduction in the proportion of the red blood cells.
RBC are produced ... Approximately 1% of RBC ... destruction of RBC ... categorized as a central ... Mentzer index = (MCV/RBC
Diagnostic Testing for Meningitis
History:
 • Triad: Fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental status
 • Sens: 44%
Diagnostic Testing ... stiffness, and altered mental ... Non-specific Kernig Sign ... 95% Brudzinski Sign ... Puncture • Glucose, WBC