21 results
Positive Lachman test in ACL Injury

Here is an exam of a patient under anesthesia with an
Positive Lachman test ... That causes the ... #ACL #Knee #Injury ... #PhysicalExam #Sports ... anterior #cruciate #ligament
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... may cause metabolic ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... associated with short ... salicylate toxicity causes ... Acidosis #HAGMA #Differential ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... D D-lactate (short ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Neurocysticercosis, PML ... • Metabolic: Hypoglycemia ... #neurology
Mucoid Degeneration of the ACL
Imaging Findings:
 • T2-hyperintense fluid-signal within the enlarged ACL on both the
Case description ... • The ligament ... Differential Diagnosis ... - Can cause ... #degeneration #knee
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo
Peripheral Vertigo:
 • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
with vascular causes ... findings BPPV • Short-lived ... positional episodes caused ... Vertigo #Algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology