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Diagnosis and Management of Hypernatremia

#Hypernatremia #Differential #Algorithm #Causes #Nephrology #Diagnosis

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Nephrology Secrets -
Diagnosis and Management ... Hypernatremia #Differential ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... GrepMed Recommended Text
Diagnosing Brucellosis
Epidemiological Exposures
- Endemic Regions
- Clinical Micro Lab Technicians
- Animal/Vaccine Exposure: Vets, Slaughterhouse workers, hunters
- Unpasteurized
Endemic Regions - Clinical ... Tests: - CBC ... Transaminitis - Radiology ... , Convalescent Serology ... SAT, ELISA), 16S PCR
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
in HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based ... on clinical presentation ... antiretroviral therapy should ... Demyelinating disease caused
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
Hearing Loss - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... The evaluation should ... include a: • Neurologic ... cause unknown)
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
syncope (ruling out differential ... diagnoses), ruling ... further guide management ... should be guided ... by clinical suspicion
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
HAGL) can be a cause ... Differential diagnosis ... #clinical #mri ... #clinical #Radiology ... #diagnosis #msk
Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) Infection - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook
Presentation: Dyspepsia / Peptic Ulcer
pylori) Infection - Diagnosis ... and Management ... (IgG) - cannot differentiate ... flagyl 500mg TID if PCN-allergy ... Ag, Urea Breath Test
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... Diagnosis: • ... • Provocative Tests ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Medial Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Truncation of the medial meniscus on
The "double PCL ... Case description ... Differential diagnosis ... Tear #knee #mri #clinical ... #Radiology #diagnosis