21 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
/0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... A-a gradient to normal ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... Disease and more • Diffusion ... , Interstitial Lung
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... - Rapid saline infusion ... or restrictive lung
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
absence of intrinsic lung ... Arterial blood gas (ABC ... liver disease - Portal ... on radioactive lung ... of underlying portal
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Possible small plural effusion ... bilateral B-lines - Normal ... Possible bilateral effusion ... submassive PE) POCUS ... #POCUS #ultrasound
POCUS appearance of Pleural thickening at right base. (patient was referred as possible pleural effusion, referral
POCUS appearance ... possible pleural effusion ... available) compared to normal ... Pleural #Thickening #POCUS ... Clinical #Comparison #Lung
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
Gap ACID-BASE AG ... 70 mmHg on 100% mask ... cmH20 A from normal ... FIO2 < 50% pH normal ... NS = normal saline
Tibiotalar Ankle Effusion Evaluation on Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS)

POCUS for ankle effusions: position the ankle
Tibiotalar Ankle Effusion ... Care Ultrasound (POCUS ... ) POCUS for ankle ... #Normal #Ankle ... #POCUS #MSK #Clinical
Evaluation of Suprapatellar Knee Effusion (normal knee) on Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS)

POCUS for knee effusions:
(normal knee) on ... ) POCUS for knee ... effusions: remember ... Evaluation #Knee #MSK ... #Normal
Air Bronchograms on Ultrasound

Opacification of alveolar spaces surrounding air-filled bronchioles; enables visualization of well-defined tissue/air interface;
bronchograms (AB ... consolidation; static AB ... including large effusions ... Static #Dynamic #POCUS ... #Clinical #Lung
Upper Lobe Lung Diseases - STAR CHASERS Mnemonic

S - Silicosis
T - Tuberculosis
A - Ankylosing Spondylitis
R -
Upper Lobe Lung ... ventilation to perfusion ... elimination of CO2 ... granulomatosis • Abnormal ... perfusion kinetics