225 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... < 35 mmHg) #AcidBase ... #Causes #Compensation
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
demands Hypoxemia - low ... SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... CaO2 → Low SvO2 ... → Low PaO2 CYTOPATHIC ... differential #diagnosis #causes
PLACO Mnemonic - Approach to Acid-Base Disorders
P - Determine the pH
L - Labs: PCO2 & HCO3
A
pH L - Labs: PCO2 ... jadav_md #PLACO #AcidBase ... Base #diagnosis #nephrology
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... Medications, Central, ↑ CO2 ... MD @nickmmark #acidbase ... #workup #algorithm
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low ... , NGT suction, Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Hyperkalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #PseudoHyperkalemia #Nephrology #Causes
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... PseudoHyperkalemia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology