28 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
• Metabolic Acidosis ... • Respiratory Acidosis ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... < 35 mmHg) #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis - Metabolic + Respiratory Acidosis + Alkalosis

pH ↓ pCO2 ↓ -
+ Respiratory Acidosis ... Alkalosis pH ↓ pCO2 ... pH ↑ pCO2 ↑ - ... alkalosis pH ↑ pCO2 ... Interpretation #AcidBase
Acid Base Compensation - Directions - If all three variables (pH, HCO2, pCO2) move in the
variables (pH, HCO2 ... , pCO2) move in ... Diagnosis #Nephro #AcidBase ... #Acidosis #Alkalosis
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... Respiratory Acidosis ... Medications, Central, ↑ CO2 ... MD @nickmmark #acidbase
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Acetazolamide Causes ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase
Blood Gas (ABG) Interpretation and Acid-Base Pathology
1- Does the patient have an acidosis or an alkalosis?
patient have an acidosis ... Look at the pCO2 ... the change in pCO2 ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc ... @AmyChung #AcidBase
Acid-Base Disorders - Expected Compensation Equations

Metabolic Acidosis:
 • pCO2 = 1.5 x HCO3 + 8 ±
Equations Metabolic Acidosis ... : • pCO2 = 1.5 ... Respiratory Acidosis ... #Acid #Base #AcidBase ... #Respiratory #Acidosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic Acidosis ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... Type A Lactic Acidosis ... - Hypoxemia (PaO2 ... Type B Lactic Acidosis
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
HCO3d-HCO3m) Metabolic Acidosis ... ІнСО3 → /PCO2 ... pCO2 = 1.5 (HCO3 ... 9 Respiratory Acidosis ... 70 mmHg on 100% mask
Oxygen Delivery by Device

Nasal Cannula 
• Indicated for low-flow, low-percentage supplemental oxygen. 
• Flow rate of
permit exhaled CO2 ... Nonrebreather Mask ... retention of exhaled gases ... Venturi Mask (venti-mask ... • Uses either