34 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
• Metabolic Alkalosis ... • Respiratory Alkalosis ... (pCO2 < 35 mmHg ... ) #AcidBase # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis - Metabolic + Respiratory Acidosis + Alkalosis

pH ↓ pCO2 ↓ -
pH ↓ pCO2 ↓ ... acidosis pH ↑ pCO2 ... pH ↑ pCO2 ↓ - ... pH ↓ pCO2 ↑ - ... Interpretation #AcidBase
Acid Base Compensation - Directions - If all three variables (pH, HCO2, pCO2) move in the
variables (pH, HCO2 ... , pCO2) move in ... Diagnosis #Nephro #AcidBase ... #Acidosis #Alkalosis
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... production Respiratory alkalosis ... - Contraction alkalosis ... MD @nickmmark #acidbase
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... ↑ ↑ Metabolic alkalosis ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase
Blood Gas (ABG) Interpretation and Acid-Base Pathology
1- Does the patient have an acidosis or an alkalosis?
acidosis or an alkalosis ... Look at the pCO2 ... concomitant respiratory alkalosis ... MSc @AmyChung #AcidBase ... Metabolic #Acidosis #Alkalosis
Acid-Base Disorders - Expected Compensation Equations

Metabolic Acidosis:
 • pCO2 = 1.5 x HCO3 + 8 ±
Acidosis: • pCO2 ... 1.2 Metabolic Alkalosis ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... #Acid #Base #AcidBase ... Respiratory #Acidosis #Alkalosis
ABG vs VBG: Arterial vs Venous Blood Gases

ABG
PROS: Tells you exactly what the arterial environment looks
vs Venous Blood Gases ... looks like (pH, PaCO2 ... #Correlation #Comparison ... #pH #pCO2 #Diagnosis
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
blood (most common type ... of hypoxia) PIO2 ... O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... the most common type ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... Classification #Causes