132 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... HCO3 12:10 • Respiratory ... HCO3 7:10 • Respiratory ... Alkalosis (pCO2 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... Respiratory Acidosis ... nickmmark #acidbase #workup ... #algorithm #diagnosis
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ScyMed.com
6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
↓

→
↑
RV
→ ↓ → →↑ Pulmonary ... Index CARDIAC WORK ... RCWI Cardiac Work ... min 400-600 mL Respiratory ... ratio Respiratory
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS of Respiratory ... Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... V/Q Mismatch: Pulmonary ... , Atelectasis, Pulmonary ... Diffusion Defect: Pulmonary
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... consistent with pulmonary ... lung collapse, or pulmonary ... H2O #ARDS #Acute
Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve

Left Shift (↓ O2 unloading to tissue), Left = Lower:
 • ↓ H+ (↑
+ (↑ pH) • ↓ PCO2 ... + (Acid) • ↑ PCO2 ... pathophysiology #pulmonary ... #respiratory
Blood Gas (ABG) Interpretation and Acid-Base Pathology
1- Does the patient have an acidosis or an alkalosis?
Look at the pCO2 ... Metabolic Equal (If pCO2 ... the change in pCO2 ... calculate the expected pCO2 ... need to do more work
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
different phases of respiratory ... data regarding pulmonary ... PHASE I - Inspiratory ... output state - Pulmonary ... patterns #diagnosis #pulmonary
Tachypnea - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Alkalemia:
 • Acute Respiratory Alkalosis
 • Chronic Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalemia: • Acute ... Superimposed • Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pulmonary
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Compensation, Acute ... Classically” noted with pulmonary