116 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Metabolic Alkalosis ... • Respiratory Alkalosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Compensation
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... production Respiratory alkalosis ... - Contraction alkalosis ... acidbase #workup #algorithm
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... 7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Compensation, Acute
Tachypnea - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Alkalemia:
 • Acute Respiratory Alkalosis
 • Chronic Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalemia: • Acute ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... Superimposed • Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... into cells - Acute ... depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... Catecholamines - Acute ... #causes #nephrology
Acid-Base Disorders - Expected Compensation Equations

Metabolic Acidosis:
 • pCO2 = 1.5 x HCO3 + 8 ±
1.2 Metabolic Alkalosis ... Acidosis: • Acute ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... : • Acute: ∆ pCO2 ... Respiratory #Acidosis #Alkalosis
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
more acidotic or alkalotic ... and ~5 mmHg to pCO2 ... the chronicity (acute ... , chronic, or acute ... • Metabolic Alkalosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Refeeding Syndrome • Acute ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... Osmotic Diuresis • Acute ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... and metabolic alkalosis ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Causes #nephrology