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6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
↓

→
↑
RV
→ ↓ → →↑ Pulmonary ... +2PDP)/3 Mean Pulmonary ... MPAP-WP)*79.92)/CO Pulmonary ... MPAP-WP)*79.92)/CI Pulmonary ... = 1.36 cmH20 PULMONARY
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
- insufficient oxygen ... Hypoxemia - low oxygen ... - atmospheric oxygen ... - alveolar oxygen ... Hypoxemia #summary #pulmonary
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
monitor cardiac & pulmonary ... • PvCO2 - Mixed ... venous CO2 • ... #Capnography #interpretation ... patterns #diagnosis #pulmonary
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
pressure of arterial oxygen ... (PaO2) is below ... - Insufficient oxygen ... differential #diagnosis #comparison ... #pulmonary
Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve

Left Shift (↓ O2 unloading to tissue), Left = Lower:
 • ↓ H+ (↑
Oxygen-Hemoglobin ... + (↑ pH) • ↓ PCO2 ... + (Acid) • ↑ PCO2 ... MatthewHoMD #Oxygen ... pathophysiology #pulmonary
Differentiating Features Between Central and Peripheral Cyanosis

Mechanism - Arterial destauration
Sites - Skin, mucous membrane of oral
Cyanosis same Oxygen ... therapy - Pulmonary ... Arterial blood gas - pO2 ... Cyanosis reduces Oxygen ... Central #Peripheral #Comparison
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
data regarding pulmonary ... Assessing for CO2 ... output state - Pulmonary ... #Capnography #interpretation ... patterns #diagnosis #pulmonary
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
consistent with pulmonary ... lung collapse, or pulmonary ... of arterial oxygen ... fraction of inspired oxygen ... (PaO2/FiO2).
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation ... for Blood Gas Interpretation ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Delta: Delta Interpretation ... Classically” noted with pulmonary
Oxygen Delivery Equation
DO2 = CO x {(1.39 x Hb x sO2) + (PaO2 x 0.03)}
DO2 =
Oxygen Delivery ... x Hb x sO2) + (PaO2 ... DO2 = Rate of oxygen ... effective hemoglobin PaO2 ... pathophysiology #pulmonary