255 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
HCO3 12:10 • Respiratory ... Acidosis (pCO2 ... HCO3 7:10 • Respiratory ... Alkalosis (pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Respiratory or Metabolic ... 7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... of Respiratory
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
different phases of respiratory ... pathophysiology CLINICAL ... Assessing for CO2 ... PHASE I - Inspiratory ... WAVEFORM - Critical
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
Hypoxemic Respiratory ... HYPOVENTILATION • Rising PaCO2 ... : Decreased respiratory ... of hypoxemic respiratory ... oxygen #Hypoxemic #Respiratory
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Criteria for Acute Respiratory ... Syndrome (ARDS) - Respiratory ... week of a known clinical ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... #ARDS #Acute #Respiratory
Paradoxical Respirations in Diaphragmatic Paralysis

Note the paradoxical movement of the abdomen during inspiration. The accessory inspiratory
The accessory inspiratory ... This change causes ... Breathing #Diaphragm #Clinical ... PhysicalExam #Pulmonary #Respiratory
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
physiology and clinical ... causing ineffective CO2 ... a near-normal PaCO2 ... patients present with respiratory ... airflow obstruction causes
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Acute Respiratory ... Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical ... on CT or CXR ● PaO2 ... there is no clear cause ... the underlying cause
Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome on Physical Exam
The case of a patient with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and platypnea-orthodeoxia
Physical Exam The case ... observe how the respiratory ... to 90% (and in paO2 ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... video #breathing #respiratory
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
Rouleaux Flow on POCUS ... significantly, it causes ... for underlying cause ... Jugular #IJ #Vein #POCUS ... #vascular #clinical