2341 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... (Patm - 47) - (PaCO2 ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
#Pathophysiology #PCOS #Polycystic #Ovarian #Syndrome #Symptoms
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ... (PCOS) #Pathophysiology ... #PCOS #Polycystic ... #Ovarian #Syndrome
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
pathophysiology CLINICAL ... Assessing for CO2 ... Transition as CO2 ... - Arterial CO2 ... WAVEFORM - Critical
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
HPS - Diagnosis:
 1. Patients with liver disease
 2. Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (AaP02) >15 mmHg
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Moderate HPS: ≥ 60 PaO2 ... Severe HPS: ≥ 50 PaO2 ... Very severe HPS: PaO2 ... Hepatopulmonary #Syndrome
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... week of a known clinical ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... - 100 mm Hg < PaO2 ... Respiratory #Distress #Syndrome
Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Hyperandrogenism, Family Planning, Endometrial cancer prevention, Cardiovascular risk factor management
→ Weight
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ... (PCOS) Hyperandrogenism ... treatments for PCOS ... BrighamChiefs #PCOS ... Polycystic #Ovary #Syndrome
Understanding & Treating ARDS - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

•  Timing - within one week of
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... Impaired Oxygenation PaO2 ... Distress #Acute #Syndrome
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
physiology and clinical ... causing ineffective CO2 ... a near-normal PaCO2 ... have an overlap syndrome ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
pCO2 = 1.5 (HCO3 ... pCO2 = 0.9 (HCO3 ... for each 10 T in pCO2 ... for each 10 1 in pCO2 ... Distress Syndrome
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome