40 results
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag ... Syndrome Chronic ... ) + Indurubin (red ... #Bag #Syndrome ... #PUBS #pathophysiology
Metabolic Pathways of Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: Adopted from chart originally published in Purple Urine Bag
Bag Syndrome: Adopted ... Bag Syndrome: A ... South Med J. 2007 ... #Pathophysiology ... #Bag #Syndrome
Tetralogy of Fallot Summary
 • Anatomy
 • Incidence
 • Pathophysiology
 • Presentation
 • Common Variants
 •
• Incidence • Pathophysiology ... Associated Genetic Syndromes ... diagnosis #management #cardiology ... #peds #pediatrics ... #treatment
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
(blue diaper syndrome ... Bag Syndrome - ... Phenolphtalein Red ... rhubarb, senna, red ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
Abnormally Colored Urine ... Diagnosis Framework Red ... Purple: - Purple urine ... bag syndrome (chronically ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... Color Red ... Purple (Purple Urine ... #Altered #Urine ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Treatment
Blood pressure control:
 • Aim for 10-25% BP reduction within
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... (PRES) - Treatment ... • No specific med ... #Treatment #Management ... #Neurology
Magnesium Absorption and Pathophysiology 
Magnesium Absorption: 
 • absorbed in the GIT — small intestine, Saturable
Absorption and Pathophysiology ... 1% in serum and red ... 5% excreted in urine ... Magnesium #Absorption #Pathophysiology ... Mg #transport #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... hour with goal urine ... several times per
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Gross Hematuria: Red ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... causes #urology #nephrology