32 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Primary hyperaldo ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... bile ducts Differential ... malignancy #Primary
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
and decreased metabolism ... Portosystemic shunts - Urinary ... syndrome (Peds) - Primary ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... Hyperammonemia #Differential
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... free fatty acid metabolism ... = nonspecific (nausea ... Cr, ↓Glucose, ↓PLT ... infiltration) Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... the indicated causes ... #Urinary #Chloride ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
- Acquired - Primary ... Obstructive uropathy, Metabolic ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Lupus Nephritis Primer
Class I - Minimal Mesangial
Class II - Mesangial Proliferative
Class Ill - Focal Proliferative
Class IV
Lupus Nephritis Primer ... Classification #Classes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #management ... #nephrology