11 results
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
- Differential Diagnosis ... Intestine - Other causes ... - Drugs - Primary ... - Other biliary ... #Algorithm #hepatology
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic ... Algorithm and Causes ... Increased red cell ... Hemolysis #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Workup #Hematology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... Pathophysiology ... Labs: • Alkaline ... #diagnosis #workup ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
CAST) • ALT: primarily ... within bile duct cells ... #Bilirubin #Hepatology ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
and Workup History ... changes), high MCV anemia ... unclear, or if a primary ... #Causes #Workup ... #hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... • Pernicious anemia ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... • Elevation of urinary ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... - infiltrates (anemia ... + distinctive primary ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... Schistocytes, helmet cells ... Treatment: • Treat primary ... cause • Correct ... #Coagulation #diagnosis
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
Albumin > 4) Work-up ... myeloma • Plasma cell ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell ... anemia • Other ... #differential #diagnosis
Solitary Cell Plasmacytoma

What?
• Plasma cell neoplasms can present as a single lesion (solitary plasmacytoma)
• In 3%
Diagnosis? ... except for the primary ... • No CRAB - no anemia ... UPEP, Serum IFE, FLC ... #Workup #Hematology