12 results
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Water - Pus ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... of Dyspnea: • Chest ... Obesity - Flail chest ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
Renal disease - Cr ... focal lesions on MRI ... Causes of false- ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... common • Imaging: CXR ... sepsis), PE, DAH, CHF ... APML #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #oncology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... , dyspnea, +/- CXR ... acid, Elevated Cr ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
SAPHO Syndrome Summary

What?
SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of bone, joint, and skin characterized
Rule out other causes ... - MRI: inflammation ... #Rheumatology # ... diagnosis #management ... #Dermatology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... , hypoxia, CXR - ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
DDX - Other causes ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... tract, and often causes ... vasculitis • Cogan syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
of about three cases ... Serum Copper • Chest ... cycles without XR ... classification #hematology ... #oncology #management
Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
ET is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm. Most cases are related to mutations that affect
Most cases are related ... MI, stroke, DVT/ ... Thrombocythemia #ET #hematology ... #diagnosis #management ... #hematology