118 results
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... or enemas - Treatment ... untreated) - Tumor ... Hypermagnesemia #Causes
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis vs Tumor ... high WBC count cause ... organ damage • Treatment ... Low calcium • Treatment ... - Hyperkalemia treatment
Causes of SVC Syndrome - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Benign (15-40%): Thrombosis (aka catheter-associated), Goiter, Fibrosing
Causes of SVC Syndrome ... NHL, Germ Cell Tumors ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #SVC
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
Causes of Back Pain ... age >50, <18, IV ... • Fracture • Tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
adenomas that require treatment ... For pituitary masses ... the pituitary tumor ... ) as secreting tumors ... common secreting tumors
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
- Excessive IV ... Mechanisms - Tumor ... Magnesium #Table #Causes
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
a mass as the cause ... Inflammation • Orbital Tumor ... • Aneurysm • Tumor ... Cranial Nerve IV ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypoglycemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Workup:
 • Sulfonylurea Labs
 • Anti-lnsulin Ab - Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
 •
Non-islet cell tumor ... with high tumor ... metabolic demand causes ... +hrs - 1mg IV ... Syndrome • Non-lslet Tumor
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... Stabilization Treatments ... Redistribution Treatments ... Elimination Treatments
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
mmol/L - Consider cause ... and if treatment ... Calcium Gluconate IV ... Insulin–Glucose IV ... Prevention - Consider cause