29 results
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
repolarization causes ... in conduction causes ... prolonged PR and ... wave to produce classic ... #Progression #Table
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... other hormonal causes ... for non-hormonal causes ... #Workup #Differential ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification
Class I (Ia, Ib, Ic) - Na+ Channel Blockade
 • Slows depolarization
Vaughan Williams Classification ... rate and prolongs PR ... rate and prolongs PR ... VaughanWilliams #Classification ... #Classes #cardiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... is ruled out, causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #workup
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... depolarization • ↑ PR ... velocity) - ↑ PR ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... depolarization • ↑ PR ... velocity) - ↑ PR ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... DrEricStrong #Hypokalemia ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes