28 results
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... intoxication of various types ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential ... #diagnosis
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... miosis • Tension-type ... migraine and tension-type ... symptoms - Miosis ... meningeal irritation signs
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
mononucleosis/flu type ... Symptoms: • Headache ... enzymes ↑ • Mild anemia ... • Severe headache ... #HIV #diagnosis
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Demyelinating syndromes ... Endocarditis, Aortic ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
most common type ... Syndrome usually ... varying neurologic signs ... Vertigo #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... Type A: Impaired ... Shock, Severe Anemia ... Linezolid, Lactulose, HIV ... HIV, Malaria, Late
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Agglutinin Disease 3 Types ... Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... anemia • Cold ... Mycoplasma, EBV, HIV ... younger pts) Differential
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
age 70 years Symptoms ... One blood cell type ... more blood cell types ... blood count with differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
hydrocephalus, HIV ... workup What type ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... (parkinsonian signs ... MNCD #Dementia #Differential