14 results
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) with Shunting on Echocardiogram with Contrast (a4c)

An elderly patient with dyspnea -
Atrial Septal Defect ... (a4c) An elderly ... Stankovic, MD, PhD ... #Septal #Defect ... #Contrast #a4c
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
effect = a washout ... Stankovic, MD, PhD ... #effect #washout ... #ASD #atrial #septal ... #defect #a4c #Echocardiogram
ASD on Bubble Contrast Echocardiogram (a4c)
A patient with an anterior STEMI (take a look at the
ASD on Bubble Contrast ... Echocardiogram (a4c ... you close the defect ... #septal #defect ... Echocardiogram #a4c
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
and Management ... Summary A defect ... diffusion-perfusion defect ... • Oxygenation defect ... #management #treatment
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
vasoconstricting effect ... endothelin - Effect ... metabolism - Effect ... proliferation - Effect ... independent of NO - Effect
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast ... Effect in Right ... Small secundum ASD ... #Effect #Right ... echocardiogram #s4c
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
and Management ... decade → peripheral/acral ... 2 adenoma mass effect ... Pituitary MRI+contrast ... #Treatment #Pathophysiology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
anemia, Rebound effect ... from treatment ... Lymphoma, Rebound effect ... Glucocorticoids, IL-1B, ATRA ... Matthew Ho, MD PhD
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Summary GERD: Diagnosis ... first-degree relative) to detect ... medication adverse effects ... Reflux #Disease #diagnosis ... #management #Gastroenterology
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
and Management ... • Classic triad ... hypotension (may reflect ... the vasodilatory effect ... #Management #treatment