36 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
blood (measured on ABG ... ) - Low PaO2 ISCHEMIC ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... sepsis) - High PaO2 ... #pulmonary #differential
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia ... Hypoxemia - Partial ... arterial oxygen (PaO2 ... compensate for low PaO2 ... diagnosis #comparison #pulmonary
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Simplified ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... , pain, fever, hypoxia ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... with associated hypoxia
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... lung disease • Pulmonary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Pulmonary
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Hypoxemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Hypoxia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #pulmonary #Aa
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia ... Response Management Algorithm ... pneumonia • Water: pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Management #Algorithm ... #rapid #pulmonary
Hyperacute Hypoxemia - Workup and Management
Differential Diagnosis: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Hyperacute Hypoxemia ... Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary ... Bronchospasm, Pulmonary ... BNP, Troponin), ABG ... #Hypoxia #Workup
Oxygen Saturation - Measurement Techniques and Limitations
 • Sp02 - Cutaneous pulse oximeter
 • SaO2 Calculated
pulse oximeter • SaO2 ... Point-of-care handheld ABG ... device • SaO2 ... #Measurement #pulmonary
Medications for High-Altitude Sickness 
Acetazolarnide 
 • Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitor Bicarb diuresis & metabolic Acidosis ->
Anti-emetic O2 (SaO2 ... • Improves hypoxemia ... • Decreases pulmonary ... • Improves hypoxemia