76 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... reaches the alveoli) PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... Hypoxemia #summary #pulmonary ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Elasticity (flail chest
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... < 35 mmHg) #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
consistent with pulmonary ... be present on a chest ... lung collapse, or pulmonary ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... - 100 mm Hg < PaO2
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Cardiovascular Causes ... - Tamponade Pulmonary ... Causes of Chest ... Pneumothorax Other Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Tamponade Pulmonary ... Vasculature: - PE - Pulmonary ... of Dyspnea: • Chest ... Obesity - Flail chest ... #pulmonary
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
Chest Pain - Differential ... • Myocarditis Pulmonary ... Vascular • Pulmonary ... Embolism (chest ... Hypertension - Chest
Differential Diagnosis of Pleuritic Chest Pain:

Categorized by causes: Cardiac, Pulmonary, MSK, Drug/Toxins, Heme/Onc, Renal, Autoimmune

#Diagnosis #Pleuritic
Diagnosis of Pleuritic Chest ... Categorized by causes ... : Cardiac, Pulmonary ... Pleuritic #ChestPain #Causes
Life Threatening Causes of Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Table

 • ACS
 • Aortic Dissection
 •
Life Threatening Causes ... of Chest Pain - ... Dissection • Pulmonary ... #ChestPain #Chest