205 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... reaches the alveoli) PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... sepsis) - High PaO2 ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Acetazolamide Causes ... - Salicylates Causes
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis - Metabolic + Respiratory Acidosis + Alkalosis

pH ↓ pCO2 ↓ -
+ Respiratory Acidosis ... ↓ - Metabolic acidosis ... pH ↑ pCO2 ↑ - ... - Respiratory acidosis ... #Compensation #acidosis
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
• Metabolic Acidosis ... • Respiratory Acidosis ... (pCO2 > 40 mmHg ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA): refers to a group of conditions all of which cause the same
Renal tubular acidosis ... conditions all of which cause ... result: a metabolic acidosis ... different types/causes ... Features #Table #Comparison
ABG vs VBG: Arterial vs Venous Blood Gases

ABG
PROS: Tells you exactly what the arterial environment looks
vs Venous Blood Gases ... looks like (pH, PaCO2 ... #Correlation #Comparison ... #pH #pCO2 #Diagnosis
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Plasma-Lyte - Causes ... - Causes lactic ... acidosis? ... with a metabolic acidosis ... #indications #comparison
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... Respiratory Acidosis ... gap metabolic acidosis ... gap metabolic acidosis
Acid Base Disorders Worksheet

Step 1: Gather the necessary data (Na+, CI-, HCO3-, PH, pCO2). Preferably, all
CI-, HCO3-, PH, pCO2 ... has a primary acidosis ... . 3a: If pCO2 ... >40 patient's acidosis ... <40 patient's acidosis
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
arterial oxygen (PaO2 ... compensate for low PaO2 ... differential #diagnosis #comparison